a comparative study of marginalization in the cities of sabzevar, neishabour, torbat heidariye and gonaabaad

this article presents a comparative study of marginalization in the cities of sabzevar, neishabour, torbat heidariye and gonaabaad. it also presents the history of marginalization and marginal settlement in the world, related theories and models. the article also talks about the international experiences about marginalization and marginal settlement. the writers of the article have first identified 23 marginal areas in the above mentioned cities, and then they have completed the information through interviews and questionnaire; they were then analyzed using the statistical models. based on this research, the growth of urban population for a decade (from 1996 to 2006) has been 2.28 percent per year. the ratio of marginal settlers to total population is 15 percent. in the city of sabzevaar it is 10.7 percent, for neishabour 11.9 percent, for torbat heidariye 16.5 percent and gonaabaad 21 percent. in their comparative study of these areas, the writers then use cluster model and dendogram, and rank these areas.